A year ago, visited New Technology Hans-Olof Nilsson outside Gothenburg that were disconnected from the power grid to instead become completely self-sufficient in electricity.
When the solar cells and solar panels are not enough, he takes the help of a fuel cell operated with self-generated hydrogen.
– Good, but since electrolyzer that produces hydrogen gas came into operation late last fall, I have not had enough hydrogen to run the fuel cell is in full operation. I have bought some hydrogen to test and design the system for the next winter.
– During the running of the electrolyzer, I have received connect electricity from the neighboring property on several occasions for technical reasons. Otherwise it has gone well with the help of backup power plant that runs on biodiesel, which has been running for a total of 46 hours during the winter.
So now you bet on building a real hydrogen storage for next winter?
– Yes. The experience of this first winter, I need to produce 1700 m3 of hydrogen using surplus electricity from solar cells to survive the winter. In total there will produced about 2500 m3. If there is something over there so it will be able to refuel a hydrogen powered vehicle.
– At 300 bar pressure requires a hydrogen storage of 10.4 cubic meters that I will dig down a slope outside the house.
– I have just received permission from the Emergency Services also been here on a visit to look at the location. Now thoughts in the form of steel cylinders ordered from China. It feels really good.
It’s really expensive. Electrolyzer cost, for example, 460 000 Danish kroner plus VAT, but now it starts to move. Within 5-10 years can take gone from a zero price tag.
The system has greater losses than I anticipated because of the various conversion processes. From April last year to March this year spent building 12,400 kWh. It required 14,500 kWh of energy storage. It’s a good lesson
– That it is so much fun and interesting and I learn so much terrible. Now I hope to be able to guide others.
– To date, I have had 684 visitors including Energy Minister Ibrahim Baylan. There have even been some delegations from Africa, who are interested in how to build self-sustaining microgrids for regions that lack access to electricity.
Hans-Olof Nilsson was also a finalist in Ny Teknik “Sweden brightest home “. Learn more about the contest here
Hans-Olof Nilsson’s smart home
Low-energy houses (508 sqm) with large south sloping roof with 20 square meters of solar collectors and solar cells 20 kWp installed capacity.
The house’s U-value of around 0.20 after extra insulation on some vulnerable structures, such as exterior corners and bottom plate which always has a temperature lower to the ground than the floors comfort temperature.
Solar collectors for hot water and heat in summer (about 6 months) to reduce the running time of the heat pump and thus double the heat pump’s useful life (calendar time)
the solar cells operates two independent systems for increased reliability which creates internal housing 3-phase networks.
Photovoltaic cells integrated into the facade facing south and west, a total of 2.6 kWp to capture the low solvinkeln during the winter months and the sunset in the west during the summer
Ability to capture about 33 000 kWh / year of renewable energy. The house’s total energy excluding electric vehicle charging and snowmelt is 9000-10000 kWh / year.
Good underfloor heating comfort is obtained through the 28 st individually controlled golvvärmeslinger distributed on all floor surfaces.
The house technical rooms in the basement includes:
3 pc insulated storage tanks 3 x 1000 liters for energy storage with individual heat exchanger to the solar panels on the roof.
2 well-insulated hot water tank 2 x 400 liters for housing hot water individual heat exchanger to solar panels connected to the hot water circulation for “direct” hot water when a tap is opened.
Fresh water 500 liter buffer when the water from the sewage plant would mess, then gives about 2 days of normal service.
the solar inverters, battery chargers and inverters that creates housing two internal parallel 3-phase networks. Capacity 48 kW
The equipment for electric vehicle charging up to 44 kW
2 pieces battery storage for energy storage at 2 x 72 kWh respectively connected to the three-phase system that creates housing 3-phase networks. Provides 5-7 days normal comfort of charge of the batteries would fuss and no other energy available.
The electrolyzer that splits water into hydrogen and oxygen in which hydrogen is stored in pressurized tanks outside the house for use when the sun / daylight not sufficient to produce the house’s energy.
Avjoniseringsanläggning for “purification” of tap water into the electrolyzer.
The fuel cell – will start up automatically when the sun and daylight is not enough, and battery storage charge is 30%. Electricity from the fuel cell ensures all electrical installation & amp; function and the heat from the water-cooled fuel cell is used for hot water and heating in the house.
A generator (15 kVA) run on biofuel starts up automatically until the solar cells do not work, two 3-phase system is out of operation, battery store emptied and the fuel cell system would not work.
Heat pump 13 kW in order to give effect to the snowmelt, the house needs just 1.5 kW including margin to ensure heating requirements.
the equipment for A / C in the bedrooms where the boreholes cold water is used, is also referred to as natural cooling or free cooling
2 FTX ventilation unit with an optional fresh air intake through 65 m culvert 2-3 m’s depth for preheating of fresh air when the outside temperature is lower than 7C
heat from cooking in the kitchen captured by a baffle attached to the FTX unit frånluftssug for reuse of the heat and remove the ventilation of any cooking fumes.
60 kW heat exchanger surface heating in front of the house’s garage , entrances and courtyard of snow and ice during the winter.
Vertical drain heat exchangers for house water treatment, preheat the water will be hot water. (Being installed)
The weather station on the roof connected to KNX:
Provides local weather forecast which can control and prepare the house’s heating system.
Control sunshades in the south and west facades windows and skylights in the south roof against unwanted solar radiation mainly in summer and winter lets in sunlight for additional heating of rooms call for heat.
Control the need for surface heating for a snow -and frost yard
the control half of the solar panels they have the right angle to the solar radiation and even turned upside-down when snow or frosts.
Control the irrigation of horticultural plants together with a mark sensor. (Not yet deployed)
The control exterior lighting individual facades and ground depending on light intensity, together with the motion.
KNX building automation:
Controls and monitors all the technology in house. Data on all produced and consumed energy in the building is measured and stored by the 69 electric and 16 hydraulic (water) permanent sensors. The information available through three information displays in the house.
A total of 106 network outlets blah has all appliances and fixed installations opportunity for networking.
Fixed USB charging socket in many places for the elimination of each device its own more or less efficient chargers.
Ventilation units controlled by the carbon dioxide concentration and relative humidity.
46 of the building’s electrical outlet individually controllable via KNX
All wall outlets and other power consumers individually fed and fused to the least possible impact on comfort when any equipment / function shorting its elmatning.Belysning presence-controlled for reducing unnecessary energy consumption ..
Lighting in workplaces such as desk kitchen etc lux controlled so light and LED light together gives preset level.
the lighting in closets and drawers that open “where needed”
Dimmable LED lights controlled by 88 Dali channels and 39 KNX dimmers
all LED lighting fed by a central power supply of any plan to “escape” century small actuators for each LED lighting
ceiling Fans starts when the temperature at the ceiling (7 meters up) is 3C over internal average temperature.
14 RCD and 68 personal machines ensures high operational safety of persons and the electrical system at the disturbance. Tex fire alarms and burglar alarms on their individual jordfelsövervakningar for not knocked out when else would go wrong. All the equipment where there is a water bath, toilet, clothes care, yard lighting, etc are protected by individual personal machines
Incoming water is turned off in case of absence when not electrolyzer needs water.
At the “hidden leaks” when of water users are active, this is indicated in any of the three information displays in the house and the water supply is turned av.Högtalare ceilings and walls with individual control systems.
media cabinet built into the living room wall, and a media cabinet with information display integrated with the kitchen appliances looks like a ungslucka.
Home Appliances – oven, microwave, coffee machine, 2 fridge / freezer cabinets and sopskåp linked to FTX unit’s exhaust to reduce the heat behind the sets and get such better efficiency in refrigerator / freezer. Ventilated sopskåp hold any odor away.
The fire alarm in the kitchen consists of a heat detector for reduction of false alarms caused by smoke / os that can be done in the kitchen.
The door handle on “gästtoa” handles indicating free / busy with green or red LED light.
Entrance door locks electrical and controllable KNX / smartphone
Entrance door bell that activates the camera and send text messages when you do not are at home and can see and talk to the person. Integrated floor ducts for electricity, data, broadband and TV. This means that a cable can always be located hidden in the channel and “come up” in which the need for connection is without having a lot of extension cords lying on the floor.
Scenarios:
Bedtime – drop goes down, the lights dimmed lights, A / C starts when the room temperature is above 20C
Everyone has subsided – the room temperature is lowered 2C, ventilation units go on ECO (lower temperature and air exchange). Hot water circulation is switched off, the hot water circulation to towel rails off. Perimeter activated
Morning – drop is partly up, ventilation, heating, lighting makes a soft start. Hot water circulation is activated, perimeter disconnected. Towel starts 2 hours before the “Morning” scenario begins.
TV time – selected light goes out and or attenuated, daylight too strong yesterday blinds down.
Toabesök or similar during the night indirect LED light illuminates the rörelsedekkare and “show the way”
O-normal event during the night, vibrator in the bed that is guaranteed to awaken sleeping people.
Panic Button in bedrooms and other strategic locations – Turns all light in darkness, cameras internally externally activated and records
Leaving the house during the day – Incoming water turned off all electricity consumers are dead except fridge / freezer and possibly washing the dishwasher may go out the program. Steerable wall socket is switched off. Ventilation unit on ECO. Burglar alarm activated.
Leaving the house over the weekend – in addition to features like “gone for the day” when the evening / night will be activated lighting, TV etc from recorded real presence in huset.Vid homecoming connected house in the “normal operation” and all “gone settings” disabled.
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